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Medical Benefits of Modest Weight Loss
Risk Factor Sum* and 16-Year Coronary Heart Disease Risk:  Framingham Offspring Study
Relative Risk of CHD
*Low HDL-C, high cholesterol, high BMI, high systolic BP, high triglyceride, high glucose.
Wilson et al. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:1104.
0
Risk Factors (n)
0
1
1
2
>3
2
>3
Men
Women
Relationship Between Weight Change and CHD Risk Factor Sum: Framingham Offspring Study
Wilson et al. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:1104.
*P<0.002 vs baseline.
Change in Risk Factor Sum (%)
Men
Women
Weight Change During 16-y Follow-up
+20%
*
+37%
*
*
-48%
*
-40%
Loss >2.25 kg
Gain >2.25 kg
Insulin Sensitivity Improves with Weight Loss in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Insulin (pmol/L)
Before
Weight Loss at 1 Year (%)
Wing et al. Arch Intern Med 1987;147:1749.
*P<0.01 vs before.
*
*
*
0-2.4
2.5-6.9
7.0-14.0
>15
Total Cholesterol
LDL-C
TG
HDL-C (weight stable)
HDL-C (actively losing)
Plasma Lipids Improve with Weight Loss Meta-analysis of 70 Clinical Trials
? mmol/L kg of Weight Loss
LDL-C=low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C=high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG=triglycerides
Dattilo et al. Am J Clin Nutr 1992;56:320.
*P<0.05.
? mg/dL per kg of Weight Loss
*
*
*
*
*
Relationship Between Change in Weight and Blood Pressure: Trials of Hypertension Prevention II
Change in Blood Pressure (mm Hg)
Stevens et al. Ann Intern Med 2001;134:1.
Change in Weight (kg)
Quintile of Weight Change
Diastolic
Systolic
Effect of Weight Change on Apnea- Hypopnea Index (AHI)
Mean Change in AHI (Events/h)
-20 to <-10 (n=22)
Change in Body Weight (%)
Peppard et al. JAMA 2000;284:3015.
-10 to <-5 (n=39)
-5 to <+5 (n=371)
+5 to <+10 (n=179)
+10 to +20 (n=79)
Impact of Weight Loss on Risk Factors
1. Wing RR et al. Arch Intern Med. 1987;147:1749-1753.
2. Mertens IL, Van Gaal LF. Obes Res. 2000;8:270-278.
3. Blackburn G. Obes Res. 1995;3 (Suppl 2):211S-216S.
4. Ditschunheit HH et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2002;56:264-270.
1
2
3
3
1
2
3
3
4
Modest Weight Loss Prevents Diabetes in Overweight and Obese Persons with Impaired Glucose Tolerance
Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. N Eng J Med 2002;346:393.
Copyright ? 2002. Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.
Cumulative Incidence of Diabetes (%)
0
Year
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
Placebo
Lifestyle