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近日，研究人员在Cancer Cell杂志上发表论文描述：肿瘤细胞分泌外来体如何能够改变周边的细胞，使其成为肿瘤细胞，并促进肿瘤生长。
什么是外来体？
外来体是一些可被所有细胞分泌的，并含有蛋白质和信使RNA和microRNAs的小囊泡。新研究表明，从乳腺癌和其他类型肿瘤如卵巢癌和子宫内膜癌来源的肿瘤细胞的外来体在大小和组成上与健康细胞的不同。
肿瘤外来体含有某些蛋白质（Dicer酶，TRBP和Ago2），能够处理microRNA，可以改变肿瘤细胞周围的细胞，将其转化为肿瘤细胞。病理学家解释说，这个癌转化依赖于Dicer蛋白，Dicer蛋白或可作为一个标记物指示肿瘤细胞的存在，或作为治疗癌症的靶标。
利用乳腺肿瘤和其他肿瘤如卵巢癌和子宫内膜癌的外来体的这些特点，有助科研人员开发新的生物标志物和新的治疗策略。
Cancer exosomes perform cell-independent MicroARN biogenesis and promote tumorogenesis
Sonia A. Melo, et al.
Exosomes are secreted by all cell types and contain proteins and nucleic acids. Here, we report that breast cancer associated exosomes contain microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with the RISC-Loading Complex (RLC) and display cell-independent capacity to process precursor microRNAs (pre-miRNAs) into mature miRNAs. Pre-miRNAs, along with Dicer, AGO2, and TRBP, are present in exosomes of cancer cells. CD43 mediates the accumulation of Dicer specifically in cancer exosomes. Cancer exosomes mediate an efficient and rapid silencing of mRNAs to reprogram the target cell transcriptome. Exosomes derived from cells and sera of patients with breast cancer instigate nontumorigenic epithelial cells to form tumors in a Dicer-dependent manner. These findings offer opportunities for the development of exosomes based biomarkers and therapies.
转载地址：http://news.bioon.com/article/6662445.html