国产西洋参花蕾中挥发油的分离与鉴定

摘　要：采用气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用方法分析了国产西洋参花蕾挥发油中的化学成分，鉴定了39个化合物，其中倍半萜类总含量占52.78％，令人惊奇的是β-金合欢烯独自占了总挥发油的48.67％，经与文献中测得不同部位的西洋参及同科属植物人参中的挥发油成分作对照分析，发现都共同的含有唯一相同又恰是所有测定中相对含量最高的β-金合欢烯，这一结果为阐述人参皂苷的生源合成途径提供了科学依据。

关键词：西洋参，花蕾，气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用仪，挥发油

分类号：O65　文献标识码：A

Analysis of the Volatile Oils in the Flowerbuds of Panax quinquefolium L.

Meng Xiangying（College of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130018）　
Li Xianggao（College of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130018）　
Zhang Hong（Center of Analysis and Testing,North Eastern Normal University,Changchun 130024）　
Han Yu（Changchun Stomatological Hospital, Changchun 130022）　

Abstract：Thirty nine compounds in the volatile oils of the flowerbuds of Panax quinquefolium L.cultivated in China were isolated and identified with gas chromatography/mass spectre metry. To our great surprise,β-famensene,a sesquiterpene compound of them,alone account for 48.67% of the total volatile oils contents. This experimental result was contrasted with the volatile oils components of the different parts of Panax quinquefolium L.and Panax ginseng,anidentical genus plant,on chemical components and relative quantities.It was discovered that the only one common component is β-famensene in them and it is the highest value in determined relative contents. Above result provides scientific basis for biological synthesis of triterpenoid saponins.
Keywords：Panax quinquefolium L,flowerbuds,volatile oils,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry