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1. Elemental Analysis 元素分析
Atomic absorption spectroscopy 原子吸收光谱
Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) 俄歇电子能谱
Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) 电子探针微分析
Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) 化学分析电子能谱
Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) 能量色散谱
Flame photometry 火焰光度法
Wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (WDS)
X-ray fluorescence X射线荧光
2. Molecular and Solid State Analysis 分子与固态分析
Chromatography [gas chromatography (GC), size exclusion chromatography (SEC)]
色谱[气相色谱，体积排除色谱]
Electron diffraction 电子衍射
Electron microscopy [scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM),
scanning TEM (STEM)] 电子显微镜
Electron spin resonance (ESR) 电子自旋共振
Infrared spectroscopy (IR) 红外光谱
Mass spectrometry 质谱
Mercury porosimetry 压汞法
Mossbauer spectroscopy 穆斯堡尔谱
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 核磁共振
Neutron diffraction 中子衍射
Optical microscopy 光学显微镜
Optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) 旋光色散
Raman spectroscopy 拉曼光谱
Rutherford back scattering (RBS) 卢瑟福背散射
Small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) 小角X射线散射
Thermal analysis [differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential
thermal analysis (DTA) temperature desorption spectroscopy (TDS), thermomechanical
analysis (TMA)] 热分析[差示扫描量热计法，热-重分析，微分热分析，升温脱附，热机械分析]
UV spectroscopy 紫外光谱
X-ray techniques [x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray emission,
x-ray absorption] X射线技术 [x射线光电子能谱，x射线衍射，x射线发射，x射线吸收]
3. Surface Characterization Techniques 表面表征技术
Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) 电子能量损失谱
Ellipsometry 椭圆偏振术
Extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) 扩展X射线吸收精细结构
Helium (or atom) diffraction
Lateral (or frictional) force microscopy (LFM) 横向（摩擦）力显微镜
Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) 低能电子衍射
Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) 磁力显微镜
Near-edge x-ray adsorption fine structure (NEXAFS) 近边X射线吸收精细结构
Near field scanning 近场扫描
Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) 反射高能电子衍射
Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) 扫描隧道显微镜
Scanning force microscopy (SFM) 扫描力显微镜
Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) 二次离子质谱
Surface enhanced raman spectroscopy (SERS) 表面增强拉曼光谱
Surface extended x-ray adsorption fine structure (SEXAFS) 表面扩展X射线吸收精细结构
Surface force apparatus 表面力仪器